« L’agriculture bio, c’est bon pour la santé. »

Dans le cadre de l’examen du Projet de loi sur l’agriculture en mai 2024, j’ai pu rappeler une évidence : l’agriculture biologique est meilleure pour la santé humaine – en premier lieu celle des travailleurs et travailleuses du monde agricole – pour les consommateurs, et pour la santé des écosystèmes. Elle est aussi créatrice d’emplois et intéressante économiquement pour les agriculteurs/agricultrices. 

Suite à la publication sur Twitter de mon intervention en vidéo, une communauté s’est organisée pour remettre en question cette affirmation reconnue par de nombreuses institutions nationales, européennes et internationale, sur la base de preuve scientifique : l’agriculture biologique est meilleure pour la santé.

Je réponds dans cette vidéo à cette désinformation. Vous trouverez ci-dessous quelques unes des sources qui démontre un consensus scientifique sur cette question des bénéfices du bio.

Agence bio 

Anses (Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail) : Source 1, Source 2, Source 3

CNRS (Centre National de Recherche Scientifique) : Source 1, Source 2

Appel de 450 scientifiques dans le journal Le Monde à appliquer le principe de précaution sur les pesticides SDHI

Journal officiel de l’Union Européenne

Commission Européenne : approbations des substances actives

INRAE (Institut National de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement)

Cancer environnement

Biorxiv (revue de biologie)

Conseil de l’Union Européenne. Règlement (CE) 889/2008; 2008; Vol. 250.(2) Conseil de l’Union Européenne. Liste Des Composés Phytosanitaires Autorisés En Agriculture Biologique; 2007; Vol. 189.

Joseph A. Cotruvo, J.; Aron, A. T.; Ramos-Torres, K. M.; Chang, C. J. Synthetic Fluorescent Probes for Studying Copper in Biological Systems. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44 (13), 4400–4414.

Barański, M.; Srednicka-Tober, D.; Volakakis, N.; Seal, C.; Sanderson, R.; Stewart, G. B.; Benbrook, C.; Biavati, B.; Markellou, E.; Giotis, C.; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J.; Rembiałkowska, E.; Skwarło-Sońta, K.; Tahvonen, R.; Janovská, D.; Niggli, U.; Nicot, P.; Leifert, C. Higher Antioxidant and Lower Cadmium Concentrations and Lower Incidence of Pesticide Residues in Organically Grown Crops: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analyses. Br. J. Nutr. 2014, 112 (5), 794–811.

Bell, E. M.; Hertz-Picciotto, I.; Beaumont, J. J. A Case-Control Study of Pesticides and Fetal Death Due to Congenital Anomalies. Epidemiology 2001, 12 (2), 148–156.

Koch, D.; Lu, C.; Fisker-Andersen, J.; Jolley, L.; Fenske, R. A. Temporal Association of Children’s Pesticide Exposure and Agricultural Spraying: Report of a Longitudinal Biological Monitoring Study. Environ. Health Perspect. 2002, 110 (8), 829–833.

Royster, M. O.; Hilborn, E. D.; Barr, D.; Carty, C. L.; Rhoney, S.; Walsh, D. A Pilot Study of Global Positioning System/Geographical Information System Measurement of Residential Proximity to Agricultural Fields and Urinary Organophosphate Metabolite Concentrations in Toddlers. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2002, 12 (6), 433–440.

Reynolds, P.; Hurley, S. E.; Goldberg, D. E.; Yerabati, S.; Gunier, R. B.; Hertz, A.; Anton-Culver, H.; Bernstein, L.; Deapen, D.; Horn-Ross, P. L.; Peel, D.; Pinder, R.; Ross, R. K. R. K.; West, D.; Wright, W. E.; Ziogas, A.; California Teachers Study. Residential Proximity to Agricultural Pesticide Use and Incidence of Breast Cancer in the California Teachers Study Cohort. Environ. Res. 2004, 96 (2), 206–218.

Provost, D.; Cantagrel, A.; Lebailly, P.; Jaffré, A.; Loyant, V.; Loiseau, H.; Vital, A.; Brochard, P.; Baldi, I. Brain Tumours and Exposure to Pesticides: A Case-Control Study in Southwestern France. Occup Environ Med 2007, 64 (8), 509–514.

Leyk, S.; Binder, C. R.; Nuckols, J. R. Spatial Modeling of Personalized Exposure Dynamics: The Case of Pesticide Use in Small-Scale Agricultural Production Landscapes of the Developing World. Int J Health Geogr 2009, 8, 17.

Kamel, F.; Tanner, C.; Umbach, D.; Hoppin, J.; Alavanja, M.; Blair, A.; Comyns, K.; Goldman, S.; Korell, M.; Langston, J.; Ross, G.; Sandler, D. Pesticide Exposure and Self-Reported Parkinson’s Disease in the Agricultural Health Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007, 165 (4), 364–374

Yan, D.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, L.; Yan, H. Pesticide Exposure and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep 2016, 6, 32222.

Sánchez-Santed, F.; Colomina, M. T.; Herrero Hernández, E. Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Neurodegeneration. Cortex 2016, 74, 417–426.

Ingre, C.; Roos, P. M.; Piehl, F.; Kamel, F.; Fang, F. Risk Factors for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Clin Epidemiol 2015, 7, 181–193.

Bozzoni, V.; Pansarasa, O.; Diamanti, L.; Nosari, G.; Cereda, C.; Ceroni, M. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Environmental Factors. Funct. Neurol. 2016, 31 (1), 7–19.

Gunnarsson, L.-G.; Bodin, L. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Occupational Exposures: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analyses. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018, 15 (11).

Kamel, F.; Tanner, C.; Umbach, D.; Hoppin, J.; Alavanja, M.; Blair, A.; Comyns, K.; Goldman, S.; Korell, M.; Langston, J.; Ross, G.; Sandler, D. Pesticide Exposure and Self-Reported Parkinson’s Disease in the Agricultural Health Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007, 165 (4), 364–374.

Beseler CL, Stallones L. A cohort study of pesticide poisoning and depression in Colorado farm residents. Ann Epidemiol. 2008 Oct;18(10):768-74.

Larsen, A. E.; Gaines, S. D.; Deschênes, O. Agricultural Pesticide Use and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Nature Communications 2017, 8 (1), 1–9.

Thierry, X.; Leridon, H. Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance https://www.elfe-france.fr/ (accessed 2019 -12 -11).

Shelton, J. F.; Hertz-Picciotto, I. Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Agricultural Pesticide Exposures: Shelton and Hertz-Picciotto Respond. Environ Health Perspect 2015, 123 (4), A79–A80.

Chiu YH, Williams PL, Gillman MW, Gaskins AJ, Mínguez-Alarcón L, Souter I, Toth TL, Ford JB, Hauser R, Chavarro JE; EARTH Study Team. Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake From Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Jan 1;178(1):17-26.

K. Brandt, C. Leifert, R. Sanderson & C. J. Seal (2011) Agroecosystem Management and Nutritional Quality of Plant Foods: The Case of Organic Fruits and Vegetables, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 30:1-2, 177-197

Worthington V. Nutritional quality of organic versus conventional fruits, vegetables, and grains. J Altern Complement Med. 2001 Apr;7(2):161-73.

Dangour, A. D.; Dodhia, S. K.; Hayter, A.; Allen, E.; Lock, K.; Uauy, R. Nutritional Quality of Organic Foods: A Systematic Review. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009, 90 (3), 680–685.

Smith-Spangler, C.; Brandeau, M. L.; Hunter, G. E.; Bavinger, J. C.; Pearson, M.; Eschbach, P. J.; Sundaram, V.; Liu, H.; Schirmer, P.; Stave, C.; Olkin, I.; Bravata, D. M. Are Organic Foods Safer or ealthier than Conventional Alternatives?: A Systematic Review. Ann. Intern. Med. 2012, 157 (5), 348–366.

Średnicka-Tober, D.; Barański, M.; Seal, C.; Sanderson, R.; Benbrook, C.; Steinshamn, H.; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J.; Rembiałkowska, E.; Skwarło-Sońta, K.; Eyre, M.; Cozzi, G.; Krogh Larsen, M.; Jordon, T.; Niggli, U.; Sakowski, T.; Calder, P. C.; Burdge, G. C.; Sotiraki, S.; Stefanakis, A.; Yolcu, H.; Stergiadis, S.; Chatzidimitriou, E.; Butler, G.; Stewart, G.; Leifert, C. Composition Differences between Organic and Conventional Meat: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. British Journal of Nutrition 2016, 115 (06), 994–1011.

Średnicka-Tober, D.; Barański, M.; Seal, C. J.; Sanderson, R.; Benbrook, C.; Steinshamn, H.; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J.; Rembiałkowska, E.; Skwarło-Sońta, K.; Eyre, M.; Cozzi, G.; Larsen, M. K.; Jordon, T.; Niggli, U.; Sakowski, T.; Calder, P. C.; Burdge, G. C.; Sotiraki, S.; Stefanakis, A.; Stergiadis, S.; Yolcu, H.; Chatzidimitriou, E.; Butler, G.; Stewart, G.; Leifert, C. Higher PUFA and N-3 PUFA, Conjugated Linoleic Acid, α-Tocopherol and Iron, but Lower Iodine and Selenium Concentrations in Organic Milk: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta- and Redundancy Analyses. Br. J. Nutr. 2016, 115 (6), 1043–1060.

Kesse-Guyot, E.; Pointereau, P. Résultats du projet BioNutriNet : impacts d’un régime bio sur la santé et l’environnement; Solagro, 2019.

Kesse-Guyot, E.; Baudry, J.; Assmann, K. E.; Galan, P.; Hercberg, S.; Lairon, D. Prospective Association between Consumption Frequency of Organic Food and Body Weight Change, Risk of Overweight or Obesity: Results from the NutriNet-Santé Study. Br. J. Nutr. 2017, 117 (2), 325–334.

Baudry, J.; Lelong, H.; Adriouch, S.; Julia, C.; Allès, B.; Hercberg, S.; Touvier, M.; Lairon, D.; Galan, P.; Kesse-Guyot, E. Association between Organic Food Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome: Cross-Sectional Results from the NutriNet-Santé Study. Eur J Nutr 2018, 57 (7), 2477–2488.

Corina Konstantinou, Stephanie Gaengler, Stavros Oikonomou, Thibaut Delplancke, Pantelis Charisiadis, Konstantinos C. Makris, Use of metabolomics in refining the effect of an organic food intervention on biomarkers of exposure to pesticides and biomarkers of oxidative damage in primary school children in Cyprus: A cluster-randomized cross-over trial, Environment International, Volume 158, 2022, 107008, ISSN 0160-4120

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